Foreign Affairs, Governance, Military

ROK Elections and DPRK Provocations

April 10, 2017

To study the relationship between North Korean provocations and South Korean elections, Beyond Parallel created a new database of events incorporating both presidential and national assembly elections from the Republic of Korea (ROK) over the last six decades. The event set was cross-tabulated with Beyond Parallel’s original dataset on North Korean provocations. Based on this cross-comparison, the correlation between North Korean provocations and South Korean elections was calculated in terms of a “provocation window.” The provocation window was defined as the number of days or weeks between a North Korean provocation and an ROK election event (either before or after it occurred).


ROK Elections and DPRK Provocations

Election Year Election Type Provocation Description Provocation Window Before/After Election Provocation Date
1958-05-02 National Assembly Hijacking of South Korean Plane 75 days before election 1958-02-16
1958-05-02 National Assembly U.S. Plane Shot Down by NK 57 days before election 1958-03-06
1960-03-15 Presidential NK Fighter Jets Attack U.S. Navy Plane 274 days before election 1959-06-15
1960-08-12 Presidential Exchange of Fire and Sinking of NK Vessel 13 days before election 1960-07-30
1960-06-29 National Assembly Exchange of Fire and Sinking of NK Vessel 31 days after election 1960-07-30
1963-10-15 Presidential DMZ Exchange of Fire 329 days before election 1962-11-20
1963-10-15 Presidential DMZ Exchange of Fire 78 days before election 1963-07-29
1963-11-26 National Assembly NK Attacks U.S. Airforce Plane 354 days after election 1964-11-14
1963-11-26 National Assembly NK Fighter Jets Attack U.S. Reconnaissance Plane 519 days after election 1965-04-28
1967-05-03 Presidential Infiltration and Incursion 351 days before election 1966-05-17
1967-05-03 Presidential DMZ Exchange of Fire 182 days before election 1966-11-02
1967-05-03 Presidential Sinking of South Korean Patrol Boat 104 days before election 1967-01-19
1967-05-03 Presidential Infiltration and Incursion (Territorial) 21 days before election 1967-04-12
1967-05-03 Presidential Infiltration and Incursion (Maritime) 16 days before election 1967-04-17
1967-06-08 National Assembly Attack on U.S. Military Barracks 17 days before election 1967-05-22
1967-06-08 National Assembly Infiltration and Incursion 2 days after election 1967-06-10
1967-06-08 National Assembly Infiltration and Incursion 9 days after election 1967-06-17
1967-06-08 National Assembly Infiltration and Incursion 15 days after election 1967-06-23
1967-06-08 National Assembly Infiltration and Incursion 20 days after election 1967-06-28
1967-06-08 National Assembly Infiltration and Incursion 21 days after election 1967-06-29
1967-06-08 National Assembly Infiltration and Incursion 25 days after election 1967-07-03
1967-06-08 National Assembly Infiltration and Incursion 27 days after election 1967-07-05
1967-06-08 National Assembly Infiltration and Incursion 36 days after election 1967-07-14
1967-06-08 National Assembly Infiltration and Incursion 40 days after election 1967-07-18
1967-06-08 National Assembly Ambush on U.S. Soldiers 63 days after election 1967-08-10
1967-06-08 National Assembly Ambush on U.S. Soldiers 81 days after election 1967-08-28
1967-06-08 National Assembly Ambush on U.S. Soldiers 82 days after election 1967-08-29
1967-06-08 National Assembly Bombing of Train Station Terror Act 89 days after election 1967-09-05
1967-06-08 National Assembly Bombing of Train Station Terror Act 97 days after election 1967-09-13
1967-06-08 National Assembly Raid on Blue House (Cheong Wa Dae) 227 days after election 1968-01-21
1967-06-08 National Assembly Seizure of USS Pueblo 229 days after election 1968-01-23
1967-06-08 National Assembly Infiltration and Incursion - DMZ Exchange of Fire 311 days after election 1968-04-14
1967-06-08 National Assembly Infiltration and Incursion - DMZ Exchange of Fire 318 days after election 1968-04-21
1967-06-08 National Assembly Infiltration and Incursion - DMZ Exchange of Fire 424 days after election 1968-08-05
1967-06-08 National Assembly Infiltration and Incursion - Exchange of Fire on Jeju Island 440 days after election 1968-08-21
1967-06-08 National Assembly Infiltration and Incursion - Arrest of Spy Ring on Jeju Island 443 days after election 1968-08-24
1967-06-08 National Assembly Infiltration and Incursion - Exchange of Fire 448 days after election 1968-08-29
1967-06-08 National Assembly Infiltration and Incursion - DMZ Exchange of Fire 469 days after election 1968-09-19
1967-06-08 National Assembly Infiltration and Incursion - Exchange of Fire at West MDL 474 days after election 1968-09-24
1967-06-08 National Assembly Infiltration and Incursion - DMZ Exchange of Fire 503 days after election 1968-10-23
1967-06-08 National Assembly Infiltration and Incursion - Exchange of Fire at Uljin & Samcheok 510 days after election 1968-10-30
1967-06-08 National Assembly Infiltration and Incursion - Exchange of Fire at Uljin & Samcheok 511 days after election 1968-10-31
1967-06-08 National Assembly Infiltration and Incursion - Exchange of Fire at Uljin & Samcheok 512 days after election 1968-11-01
1967-06-08 National Assembly Infiltration and Incursion - Exchange of Fire at Uljin & Samcheok 513 days after election 1968-11-02
1967-06-08 National Assembly Infiltration and Incursion - Exchange of Fire at Uljin & Samcheok 514 days after election 1968-11-03
1967-06-08 National Assembly Infiltration and Incursion - Exchange of Fire at Uljin 523 days after election 1968-11-12
1967-06-08 National Assembly Infiltration and Incursion - DMZ Exchange of Fire 646 days after election 1969-03-15
1967-06-08 National Assembly Assault by NK Armed Agent 649 days after election 1969-03-18
1967-06-08 National Assembly Attack on U.S. Reconnaissance Plane 677 days after election 1969-04-15
1971-04-27 Presidential Infiltration and Sinking of North Korean Vessel 688 days before election 1969-06-08
1971-04-27 Presidential Capture of NK Spy Naval Vessel 684 days before election 1969-06-12
1971-04-27 Presidential Sinking of NK Spy Naval Vessel 561 days before election 1969-10-13
1971-04-27 Presidential Hijacking of South Korean Plane 502 days before election 1969-12-11
1971-04-27 Presidential Hijacking of JAL Aircraft (Boeing 727) 392 days before election 1970-03-31
1971-04-27 Presidential Infiltration and Sinking of North Korean Vessel 388 days before election 1970-04-04
1971-04-27 Presidential Infiltration and Incursion 384 days before election 1970-04-08
1971-04-27 Presidential Seizure of South Korean Broadcasting Vessel 326 days before election 1970-06-05
1971-04-27 Presidential Infiltration and Capture of North Korean Vessel 302 days before election 1970-06-29
1971-04-27 Presidential Infiltration and Sinking of North Korean Vessel 273 days before election 1970-07-28
1971-04-27 Presidential Infiltration and Sinking of North Korean Vessel 199 days before election 1970-10-10
1971-04-27 Presidential Attempted Hijacking of KAL Aircraft 94 days before election 1971-01-23
1971-05-25 National Assembly Infiltration and Sinking of North Korean Vessel 11 days before election 1971-05-14
1971-05-25 National Assembly Infiltration and Incursion 7 days after election 1971-06-01
1971-05-25 National Assembly Infiltration and Incursion - Exchange of Fire at DMZ 83 days after election 1971-08-16
1972-12-23 Presidential Exchange of Fire at DMZ 74 days after election 1973-03-07
1973-02-27 National Assembly Exchange of Fire at DMZ 8 days after election 1973-03-07
1973-02-27 National Assembly Sinking of SK Fishing Boats and 30 Fishermen Detained 353 days after election 1974-02-15
1973-02-27 National Assembly Infiltration and Incursion 448 days after election 1974-05-21
1973-02-27 National Assembly Sinking of South Korean Coast Guard Vessel 486 days after election 1974-06-28
1973-02-27 National Assembly Attempted Assasination of President Park Chung-hee 534 days after election 1974-08-15
1973-02-27 National Assembly Infiltration and Discovery of NK Tunnel System 631 days after election 1974-11-20
1973-02-27 National Assembly Collision and Sinking of North Korean Vessel 729 days after election 1975-02-26
1973-02-27 National Assembly Major Henderson Incident 853 days after election 1975-06-30
1973-02-27 National Assembly Infiltration and Incursion 926 days after election 1975-09-11
1973-02-27 National Assembly Infiltration and Sinking of North Korean Vessel 951 days after election 1975-10-06
1978-07-06 Presidential Infiltration and Incursion 745 days before election 1976-06-21
1978-07-06 Presidential Panmunjom Axe Murder Incident 687 days before election 1976-08-18
1978-07-06 Presidential Infiltration and Sinking of North Korean Vessel 69 days before election 1978-04-28
1978-07-06 Presidential Infiltration and Sinking of North Korean Vessel 48 days before election 1978-05-19
1978-12-12 National Assembly Killing of South Korean Civilians 38 days before election 1978-11-04
1978-12-12 National Assembly Exchange of Fire at DMZ 35 days before election 1978-11-07
1979-12-06 Presidential Infiltration and Sinking of North Korean Vessel 138 days before election 1979-07-21
1979-12-06 Presidential Infiltration and Incursion 108 days after election 1980-03-23
1980-08-27 Presidential Infiltration and Sinking of North Korean Vessel 67 days before election 1980-06-21
1980-08-27 Presidential Exchange of Fire 69 days after election 1980-11-04
1981-02-25 Presidential Infiltration and Sinking of North Korean Vessel 85 days before election 1980-12-02
1981-03-25 National Assembly Infiltration and Sinking of North Korean Vessel 88 days after election 1981-06-21
1981-03-25 National Assembly NK Fires at U.S. Reconnaissance Plane 154 days after election 1981-08-26
1985-02-12 National Assembly Infiltration and Incursion 557 days before election 1983-08-05
1985-02-12 National Assembly Infiltration and Incursion 549 days before election 1983-08-13
1985-02-12 National Assembly Explosion at U.S. Cultural Center in Taegu 509 days before election 1983-09-22
1985-02-12 National Assembly The Rangoon Bombing 492 days before election 1983-10-09
1985-02-12 National Assembly Infiltration and Incursion 437 days before election 1983-12-03
1985-02-12 National Assembly Assault and Assassination Attempt 362 days before election 1984-02-16
1985-02-12 National Assembly Short-Range Ballistic Missile Launch 317 days before election 1984-04-01
1985-02-12 National Assembly Short-Range Ballistic Missile Launch 164 days before election 1984-09-01
1985-02-12 National Assembly Assault and Assassination Attempt 141 days before election 1984-09-24
1985-02-12 National Assembly Exchange of Fire (Ground) 81 days before election 1984-11-23
1985-02-12 National Assembly Short-Range Ballistic Missile Launch 115 days after election 1985-06-07
1985-02-12 National Assembly Infiltration and Incursion 250 days after election 1985-10-20
1985-02-12 National Assembly Exchange of Fire (Maritime) 436 days after election 1986-04-24
1987-12-16 Presidential Airport Terror Bombing 458 days before election 1986-09-14
1987-12-16 Presidential Exchange of Fire (Ground) 25 days before election 1987-11-21
1987-12-16 Presidential Bombing of South Korean Civilian Aircraft 17 days before election 1987-11-29
1988-04-26 National Assembly Bombing of South Korean Civilian Aircraft 149 days before election 1987-11-29
1988-04-26 National Assembly Infiltration and Incursion 676 days after election 1990-03-03
1992-03-24 National Assembly Medium-Range Ballistic Missile Launch 693 days before election 1990-05-01
1992-03-24 National Assembly Short-Range Ballistic Missile Launch 662 days before election 1990-06-01
1992-03-24 National Assembly Short-Range Ballistic Missile Launch 267 days before election 1991-07-01
1992-03-24 National Assembly Infiltration and Incursion 59 days after election 1992-05-22
1992-03-24 National Assembly Medium-range Ballistic Missile Launch 69 days after election 1992-06-01
1992-12-18 Presidential Medium-Range Ballistic Missile Launch 162 days after election 1993-05-29
1992-12-18 Presidential Medium-Range Ballistic Missile Launch 163 days after election 1993-05-30
1992-12-18 Presidential Anti-Ship Cruise Missile Launch 529 days after election 1994-05-31
1992-12-18 Presidential Anti-Ship Cruise Missile Launch 531 days after election 1994-06-02
1996-04-11 National Assembly U.S. Helicopter Shot Down 481 days before election 1994-12-17
1996-04-11 National Assembly Anti-Ship Cruise Missile Launch 377 days before election 1995-03-31
1996-04-11 National Assembly Detainment of South Korean Vessel 254 days before election 1995-08-01
1996-04-11 National Assembly Infiltration and Incursion 177 days before election 1995-10-17
1996-04-11 National Assembly Infiltration and Incursion 169 days before election 1995-10-25
1996-04-11 National Assembly Territorial Provocation (Ground) 6 days before election 1996-04-05
1996-04-11 National Assembly Territorial Provocation (Ground) 5 days before election 1996-04-06
1996-04-11 National Assembly Territorial Provocation (Ground) 4 days before election 1996-04-07
1996-04-11 National Assembly Infiltration and Incursion 160 days after election 1996-09-18
1996-04-11 National Assembly Exchange of Fire (Ground) 161 days after election 1996-09-19
1996-04-11 National Assembly Exchange of Fire (Ground) 163 days after election 1996-09-21
1996-04-11 National Assembly Exchange of Fire (Ground) 164 days after election 1996-09-22
1996-04-11 National Assembly Exchange of Fire (Ground) 170 days after election 1996-09-28
1996-04-11 National Assembly Exchange of Fire (Ground) 172 days after election 1996-09-30
1996-04-11 National Assembly Exchange of Fire from Manhunt - Final Incident 208 days after election 1996-11-05
1997-12-19 Presidential Exchange of Fire (Ground) 253 days before election 1997-04-10
1997-12-19 Presidential Anti-Ship Cruise Missile Launch 210 days before election 1997-05-23
1997-12-19 Presidential Territorial Provocation (Maritime) 197 days before election 1997-06-05
1997-12-19 Presidential Exchange of Fire (Ground) 156 days before election 1997-07-16
1997-12-19 Presidential Infiltration and Incursion 185 days after election 1998-06-22
1997-12-19 Presidential Infiltration and Incursion 205 days after election 1998-07-12
1997-12-19 Presidential Intermediate-Range Ballistic Missile Launch 255 days after election 1998-08-31
1997-12-19 Presidential Infiltration and Incursion 336 days after election 1998-11-20
1997-12-19 Presidential Infiltration and Incursion 363 days after election 1998-12-17
2000-04-13 National Assembly First Yeonpyeong Naval Campaign 303 days before election 1999-06-15
2000-04-13 National Assembly NK Maritime Border Declaration 21 days before election 2000-03-23
2002-12-19 Presidential Territorial Incursion (Ground) 456 days before election 2001-09-19
2002-12-19 Presidential Territorial Incursion (Ground) 455 days before election 2001-09-20
2002-12-19 Presidential Territorial Incursion (Maritime) 362 days before election 2001-12-22
2002-12-19 Presidential Second Yeonpyeong Naval Campaign 173 days before election 2002-06-29
2002-12-19 Presidential Territorial Incursion (Air) 63 days after election 2003-02-20
2002-12-19 Presidential Anti-Ship Cruise Missile Launch 67 days after election 2003-02-24
2002-12-19 Presidential Aircraft Interception 73 days after election 2003-03-02
2002-12-19 Presidential Anti-Ship Cruise Missile Launch 81 days after election 2003-03-10
2002-12-19 Presidential Territorial Incursion (Maritime) 164 days after election 2003-06-01
2002-12-19 Presidential Exchange of Fire (Ground) 210 days after election 2003-07-17
2002-12-19 Presidential Territorial Incursion (Maritime) 232 days after election 2003-08-08
2004-04-15 National Assembly Territorial Incursion (Maritime) 236 days before election 2003-08-23
2004-04-15 National Assembly Anti-Ship Cruise Missile Launch 178 days before election 2003-10-20
2004-04-15 National Assembly Anti-Ship Cruise Missile Launch 381 days after election 2005-05-01
2007-12-19 Presidential Short-Range Ballistic Missile Launch 652 days before election 2006-03-07
2007-12-19 Presidential Inter-Continental Ballistic Missile/Short-Range Missile Launches 533 days before election 2006-07-04
2007-12-19 Presidential Nuclear Test 436 days before election 2006-10-09
2007-12-19 Presidential Short-Range Ballistic Missile Launch 208 days before election 2007-05-25
2007-12-19 Presidential Anti-Ship Cruise Missile Launch 195 days before election 2007-06-07
2007-12-19 Presidential Short-Range Ballistic Missile Launch 175 days before election 2007-06-27
2007-12-19 Presidential Anti-Ship Cruise Missile Launch 100 days after election 2008-03-28
2008-04-09 National Assembly Anti-Ship Cruise Missile Launch 12 days before election 2008-03-28
2008-04-09 National Assembly Anti-Ship Cruise Missile Launch 51 days after election 2008-05-30
2008-04-09 National Assembly Killing of South Korean Tourist at Mt. Kumgang Resort 93 days after election 2008-07-11
2008-04-09 National Assembly Anti-Ship Cruise Missile Launch 181 days after election 2008-10-07
2008-04-09 National Assembly Satellite Launch / ICBM Test 361 days after election 2009-04-05
2008-04-09 National Assembly Nuclear Test / Short-Range Missile Launch 411 days after election 2009-05-25
2008-04-09 National Assembly Short-Range Ballistic Missile Launch 412 days after election 2009-05-26
2008-04-09 National Assembly Short-Range Ballistic Missile Launch 413 days after election 2009-05-27
2008-04-09 National Assembly Short-Range Ballistic Missile Launch 415 days after election 2009-05-29
2008-04-09 National Assembly Short-Range Ballistic Missile Launch 449 days after election 2009-07-02
2008-04-09 National Assembly Medium-range Ballistic Missile Launch 451 days after election 2009-07-04
2008-04-09 National Assembly Seizure of Fishing Boat at NLL 477 days after election 2009-07-30
2008-04-09 National Assembly Short-Range Ballistic Missile Launch 551 days after election 2009-10-12
2008-04-09 National Assembly Daecheong Naval Campaign 580 days after election 2009-11-10
2008-04-09 National Assembly NK Declares No-Sail Zone 657 days after election 2010-01-26
2008-04-09 National Assembly Artillery Fire 658 days after election 2010-01-27
2008-04-09 National Assembly Artillery Fire 659 days after election 2010-01-28
2008-04-09 National Assembly Artillery Fire 660 days after election 2010-01-29
2008-04-09 National Assembly NK Declares No-Sail Zone 662 days after election 2010-01-31
2008-04-09 National Assembly Sinking of the ROKS Cheonan 716 days after election 2010-03-26
2012-04-11 National Assembly Artillery Fire 611 days before election 2010-08-09
2012-04-11 National Assembly Shelling of Yeonpyeong Island 505 days before election 2010-11-23
2012-04-11 National Assembly Short-Range Surface-to-Air Missile Launch 308 days before election 2011-06-08
2012-04-11 National Assembly Anti-Ship Cruise Missile Launch 13 days before election 2012-03-29
2012-04-11 National Assembly Satellite Launch / ICBM Test 2 days after election 2012-04-13
2012-12-19 Presidential Satellite Launch / ICBM Test 7 days before election 2012-12-12
2012-12-19 Presidential Nuclear Test 55 days after election 2013-02-12
2012-12-19 Presidential Short-Range Ballistic Missile Launch 86 days after election 2013-03-15
2012-12-19 Presidential Short-Range Ballistic Missile Launch 150 days after election 2013-05-18
2012-12-19 Presidential Short-Range Ballistic Missile Launch 151 days after election 2013-05-19
2012-12-19 Presidential Short-Range Ballistic Missile Launch 152 days after election 2013-05-20
2012-12-19 Presidential Short-Range Ballistic Missile Launch 435 days after election 2014-02-27
2012-12-19 Presidential Short-Range Ballistic Missile Launch 439 days after election 2014-03-03
2012-12-19 Presidential Short-Range Ballistic Missile Launch 440 days after election 2014-03-04
2012-12-19 Presidential Short-Range Ballistic Missile Launch 452 days after election 2014-03-16
2012-12-19 Presidential Short-Range Ballistic Missile Launch 458 days after election 2014-03-22
2012-12-19 Presidential Short-Range Ballistic Missile Launch 459 days after election 2014-03-23
2012-12-19 Presidential Medium-Range Ballistic Missile Launch 462 days after election 2014-03-26
2012-12-19 Presidential NLL Exchange of Fire 467 days after election 2014-03-31
2012-12-19 Presidential NLL Exchange of Fire 519 days after election 2014-05-22
2012-12-19 Presidential Short-Range Ballistic Missile Launch 554 days after election 2014-06-26
2012-12-19 Presidential Short-Range Ballistic Missile Launch 557 days after election 2014-06-29
2012-12-19 Presidential Short-Range Ballistic Missile Launch 560 days after election 2014-07-02
2012-12-19 Presidential Short-Range Ballistic Missile Launch 567 days after election 2014-07-09
2012-12-19 Presidential Short-Range Ballistic Missile Launch 571 days after election 2014-07-13
2012-12-19 Presidential Short-Range Ballistic Missile Launch 584 days after election 2014-07-26
2012-12-19 Presidential Short-Range Ballistic Missile Launch 603 days after election 2014-08-14
2016-04-13 National Assembly Short-Range Ballistic Missile Launch 585 days before election 2014-09-06
2016-04-13 National Assembly NLL Exchange of Fire 554 days before election 2014-10-07
2016-04-13 National Assembly DMZ Exchange of Fire 551 days before election 2014-10-10
2016-04-13 National Assembly DMZ Exchange of Fire 542 days before election 2014-10-19
2016-04-13 National Assembly Anti-Ship Cruise Missile Launch 431 days before election 2015-02-07
2016-04-13 National Assembly Short-Range Ballistic Missile Launch 430 days before election 2015-02-08
2016-04-13 National Assembly Short-Range Ballistic Missile Launch 408 days before election 2015-03-02
2016-04-13 National Assembly Short-Range Ballistic Missile Launch 397 days before election 2015-03-13
2016-04-13 National Assembly Short-Range Ballistic Missile Launch 377 days before election 2015-04-02
2016-04-13 National Assembly Short-Range Ballistic Missile Launch 376 days before election 2015-04-03
2016-04-13 National Assembly Submarine Launched Ballistic Missile Launch 341 days before election 2015-05-08
2016-04-13 National Assembly Anti-Ship Cruise Missile Launch 304 days before election 2015-06-14
2016-04-13 National Assembly Land Mine Explosion 253 days before election 2015-08-04
2016-04-13 National Assembly DMZ Exchange of Fire 237 days before election 2015-08-20
2016-04-13 National Assembly Submarine Launched Ballistic Missile Launch 137 days before election 2015-11-28
2016-04-13 National Assembly Nuclear Test 98 days before election 2016-01-06
2016-04-13 National Assembly Satellite Launch / ICBM Test 66 days before election 2016-02-07
2016-04-13 National Assembly Short-Range Ballistic Missile Launch 41 days before election 2016-03-03
2016-04-13 National Assembly Short-Range Ballistic Missile Launch 34 days before election 2016-03-10
2016-04-13 National Assembly Medium-range Ballistic Missile Launch 26 days before election 2016-03-18
2016-04-13 National Assembly Short-Range Ballistic Missile Launch 23 days before election 2016-03-21
2016-04-13 National Assembly Short-Range Ballistic Missile Launch 15 days before election 2016-03-29
2016-04-13 National Assembly Long-Range Surface-to-Air Missile Launch 12 days before election 2016-04-01
2016-04-13 National Assembly Submarine Launched Ballistic Missile Launch 7 days before election 2016-04-06
2016-04-13 National Assembly Intermediate-Range Ballistic Missile Launch 2 days after election 2016-04-15
2016-04-13 National Assembly Submarine Launched Ballistic Missile Launch 10 days after election 2016-04-23
2016-04-13 National Assembly Intermediate-Range Ballistic Missile Launch 15 days after election 2016-04-28
2016-04-13 National Assembly Intermediate-Range Ballistic Missile Launch 48 days after election 2016-05-31
2016-04-13 National Assembly Intermediate-Range Ballistic Missile Launch 70 days after election 2016-06-22
2016-04-13 National Assembly Submarine Launched Ballistic Missile Launch 87 days after election 2016-07-09
2016-04-13 National Assembly Medium-Range Ballistic Missile Launch 97 days after election 2016-07-19
2016-04-13 National Assembly Medium-Range Ballistic Missile Launch 112 days after election 2016-08-03
2016-04-13 National Assembly Submarine Launched Ballistic Missile Launch 133 days after election 2016-08-24
2016-04-13 National Assembly Medium-Range Ballistic Missile Launch 145 days after election 2016-09-05
2016-04-13 National Assembly Nuclear Test 149 days after election 2016-09-09
2016-04-13 National Assembly Intermediate-Range Ballistic Missile Launch 185 days after election 2016-10-15
2016-04-13 National Assembly Intermediate-Range Ballistic Missile Launch 190 days after election 2016-10-20
2017-05-09 Presidential Medium-Range Ballistic Missile Launch 86 days before election 2017-02-12
2017-05-09 Presidential Short-Range Ballistic Missile Launch 64 days before election 2017-03-06
2017-05-09 Presidential Failed Ballistic Missile Launch 48 days before election 2017-03-22
2017-05-09 Presidential Medium-range Ballistic Missile Launch 34 days before election 2017-04-05
2017-05-09 Presidential Failed Ballistic Missile Launch 23 days before election 2017-04-16
2017-05-09 Presidential Medium-range Ballistic Missile Launch 10 days before election 2017-04-29
2017-05-09 Presidential Intermediate-Range Ballistic Missile Launch 5 days after election 2017-05-14
2017-05-09 Presidential Medium-range Ballistic Missile Launch 12 days after election 2017-05-21
2017-05-09 Presidential Short-range Ballistic Missile Launch 20 days after election 2017-05-29
2020-04-15 National Assembly Short-range Ballistic Missile Launch 44 days before election 2020-03-02
2020-04-15 National Assembly Short-range Ballistic Missile Launch 40 days before election 2020-03-06
2020-04-15 National Assembly Short-range Ballistic Missile Launch 25 days before election 2020-03-21
2020-04-15 National Assembly Anti-Ship Cruise Missile Launch 1 day before election 2020-04-14
2020-04-15 National Assembly Explosion at inter-Korean joint liaison office 62 days after election 2020-06-16
2020-04-15 National Assembly Anti-Ship Cruise Missile Launch 82 days after election 2020-07-06
Election Year Election Type Provocation Description Provocation Window Before/After Election Provocation Date